These controversies regarding the relationships amongst citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs may be because of the ways that OCBs are measured. During the literature, OCBs have typically been outlined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are struggling to recognize the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4